Loading…
Graduate and Postdoctoral Research Symposium has ended
avatar for Morgan Gianola

Morgan Gianola

Selection and Characterization of Priming Stimuli for the Activation of Hispanic and US-American Cultural Mindsets Among Spanish-English Bilinguals
Poster Presenter #17
Ph.D. in Cognitive Neuroscience
As globalization encourages cross-cultural exchange and multiculturalism, more investigators are researching Cultural Frame Switching (CFS), the process by which multicultural individuals use environmental cues to transition between cultural meaning systems. Many researchers use pictures of “culturally evocative icons” to activate specific cultural frames in CFS studies. However, most studies utilize stereotypical images without providing any empirical rationale for their selection as cultural primes. Here we sought to characterize a set of images for their ability to represent cultural frames relevant to one of the largest multicultural groups in the United States—Spanish-English bilinguals self-identifying as Hispanic/Latino. As the term “Hispanic/Latino” is widely applied across cultural groups from multiple countries, we aimed to select images which could prime cultural representations associated with speaking the Spanish language (i.e. “Hispanic” culture) and English (i.e. “mainstream” US culture) across a demographically diverse sample of bilinguals currently living in the US. Via an online survey, 152 bilinguals provided demographic information and rated 50 ostensibly “Hispanic” and “US-American” images for their ability to represent each culture. Based on factors such as proportion of life spent in the US and daily Spanish usage, 50 “experts” in each cultural category were identified. Ratings from each sample of cultural “experts” were averaged and used to select images which were highly representative of the target culture and well differentiated from the non-target culture by those strongly identifying with that cultural frame. Sets of 7 Hispanic and 7 US-American images with similar content (e.g. 2 food images, one flag image per set) were nominated based on specific scoring criteria. Ratings for these images, individually and as sets, were then compared across the full sample. In total, all selected images were rated as personally representative (70+ on a 100-point scale) of the target culture across national origins, time living in the US, and personal ethnic identification. Each image was found to be generally representative of the target culture by at least 65% (and up to 95%) of respondents. We discuss the empirical rationale for using these images as cultural primes in CFS research and recommend follow-up validation studies with “Hispanic/Latino” Spanish-English bilinguals.